| ᠡᠦ ᠶᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ | ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠄ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ ︽ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ︾ | ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 12 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ︔ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ | ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠵᠢᠮᠡ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ︔ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ | ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ | ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡ ᠃ | ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠬᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡ᠄ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠦ | ᠵᠤᠤ 〔1〕᠂ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 620 ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ | ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠃ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠪᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ 49 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ | ᠤᠨ ︽ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ︾ ᠤᠨ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠂ | ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠯᠳᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ | ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠮᠡ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠵᠠᠬᠡᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠢ 12 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ | ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠦ 〔2〕᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠰᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠡᠯᠡᠴᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠂ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡ ᠃ | ᠠᠳᠡ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠩ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠤᠨ ︵1892︶ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠤᠨ ︵1902︶ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ | ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ᠃ | ︽ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ ︾ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ | ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠬᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ︽ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ︾ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ | ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 1᠂2᠂3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ 4᠂5᠂6 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ᠂ | ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ 7᠂8᠂9 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ᠂ | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠂10᠂11᠂12 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠬᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠩ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ 3᠂4᠂5 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ︔ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ 6᠂7᠂8 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ︔ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ 9᠂10᠂ 11 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ︔ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ 12᠂1 | ᠂2 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ〔3〕 ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠂ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠮᠡᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠳ ᠵᠦᠭ | ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ᠂ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠦᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠂ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ | ᠠᠳᠡ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠨᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ | ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠳᠡ ︵ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ᠋ᠲ ᠳᠤ 16 | ᠲᠦᠮᠨᠨ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠶᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ | ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠮᠪᠦᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨᠡ︶ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ | 1᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ | ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ | ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 2 ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ ᠂ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠨᠴᠢᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠨ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ | ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠨᠠ ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠵᠦ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ | ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ | ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠩᠬᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠱᠠᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠳ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠵᠦ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ | ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠭᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ —2.6 — —6. | 5℃᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠰᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠭᠡᠰᠴᠦ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨᠰᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ | ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ | ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 16 ᠣᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ | ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋ᠸᠠ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠦ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠦ 76᠂ | ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ 6 ᠤᠳᠤ ︵ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ︶ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ | ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨᠡ | ᠃ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠃ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ | ᠸᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠳᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ 〔4〕᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ | ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ | ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ | 6.5 —12.5℃ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ | ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠ 3 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠦ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ | ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠪᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢ ︵ᠦᠪᠦᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢ︶ | ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠨᠢᠰᠴᠦ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ15. | 1 —16.5℃ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠤᠯ | ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠶᠢᠵᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠰᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠪᠤᠷ ︵ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩ ᠰᠦᠮᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠᠳᠠᠢ︶ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠦ ᠦᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ | ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋ᠸᠠ ︵1997 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋ᠸᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠦᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯ | ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 2. ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ | ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢᠷ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠷ ᠯᠤᠩᠬᠤ | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ | ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 22 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠷ ᠯᠤᠩᠬᠤ | ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 4 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ | ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠤᠯᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠰᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠮᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ | ᠸᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠦᠷ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳ | ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ 13 ︵ | ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠯᠤᠤᠶᠧ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ︶ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ | ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠦ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠬᠢᠯ ︵1897.2 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ︶ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠦ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ | ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠵᠦ 〔5〕 ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ〔6〕᠃ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ 17.1 — —18.4℃᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ | ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠰᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ | ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ 7ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ | ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠯᠤᠤ 7 ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 4 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ | ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ | ᠠᠨᠤ ᠤᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠦᠬᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ 4 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠷ | ᠯᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠂ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ QW ︵ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ︶ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠡᠨᠡᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠮᠦᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠰᠦᠨᠦᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ | ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠪᠰᠢᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭᠰᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠵᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠨᠠ〔7〕᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ | ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ 21.4 —22.3℃᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠬᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ | ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ | ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ 〔8〕 ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠵᠦ ᠲᠦᠮᠨᠨ | ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤ | ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠩᠵᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠦ ᠰᠦᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠭᠦᠨ | ᠭᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ | ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠯᠤᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 5 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 3 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ | ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠨᠴᠢᠳᠦ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ | ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭᠰᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠵᠭᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠭᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ 17.6 —20.6℃ | ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ︿ | ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠢ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠤᠭᠳᠤᠯᠠ ᠂ ᠪᠡᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠮᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ | ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ | ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ | ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠱᠤᠤᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ | | 3 ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ | ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ 7 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 22 ᠤᠳᠤ | ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠷᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ | ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ75 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 22 | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 6 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ | ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠪᠴᠦᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ | ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠢᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ | ᠲᠤᠤᠭᠠᠷᠴᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠦᠳᠦᠷᠮᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠵᠤᠤ | ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ10.0 —15.7℃᠂ | ᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ | ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ | ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠯᠤᠤ 7 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠦᠭ | ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 3 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠦᠬᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ2 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷᠭᠡ 2 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ | ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠪ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡ3 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦᠶᠡ ᠲᠤᠷᠦᠶᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨᠡᠬᠦ | ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠂ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ | ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ2.7 —9.4℃ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠰᠦ | ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠳᠪᠠᠯ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ | ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ | ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠨᠠᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠯᠤᠤ 7 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 4 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 2 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ | ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠳᠦ 7 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 4 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 2 | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ 7 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 8 | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠨᠴᠢᠳᠦ 4 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠷ ᠯᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ B᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ D ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ᠂ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ | ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ | ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠦᠰᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠨ | ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠠᠮᠦ ᠠᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠵᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ | ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠦ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠪᠦᠭᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠃ 〔9〕 ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ | ᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ | ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 4᠂ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ | ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠶᠠ 9 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦᠢ | ᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ 7 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ 5 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 3 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ | ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠴᠢᠨᠳᠦ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ 4 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠦ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠳᠬᠤᠯᠳᠤᠨ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠦᠯᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ | ᠮᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ | ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ | ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ —4.9 —— —9.4℃᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ︽ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ | ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠴᠢᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠭᠡᠷ | ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠭᠳᠡᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠃ | ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠦ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ | ᠬᠤᠷᠦᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ | ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ 4 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ 7 | ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 4 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ | ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 8 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ Y ᠪᠠ ᠦᠬᠢᠨ | ᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭD ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠦ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ4 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠂ | ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ | ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠂ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ —6. | 3—— —21℃ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠠᠩᠬᠢᠨᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠵᠤᠨ | ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ | ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠦᠮᠦᠰᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠃ | ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ 7 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 2 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 3 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠷ | ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠯᠤᠤ7 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠶᠢᠨ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠦᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠦᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠ 3 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨ ᠂ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠩᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ 4 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ | ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ 12 ᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠷ ᠯᠤᠩᠬᠤ 4 ᠤᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠮᠪᠦᠷᠴᠡᠭ | 365 ᠭᠷᠠᠳᠦ᠋ᠰ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ | ᠠᠨᠤ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠄ ᠮᠦᠰᠦ ᠤᠶᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ —3. | 9—— —18.0℃ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠰᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠢ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠭᠡᠰᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠬᠦ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ | ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ 〔10〕 ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠮᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ 〔11〕᠃ | ︽ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ | ᠵᠢᠮᠡ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ | ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ | ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠮᠡ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠢ | ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ | ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ | ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡ | 〔1〕 ᠲᠦᠪ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠯᠢᠨᠰᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ | ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︽ ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠭᠡ ︾ ︵辽史) ᠳᠤ ︿中会川﹀ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︽ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠭᠡ︾ 247 ᠂ | 255 ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠃ ᠵᠦᠩᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1974 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ︶ ᠃ | 〔2〕 ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ 12 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠄ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ 33 | ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ︾ 113᠂120᠂123 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ 1963 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 11 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︽ᠵᠤᠤ ᠤᠳᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ︾ 4 —12 | ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ | ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠃ | 〔3〕 ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠄ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ 22℃ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ᠂ 10℃ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠭᠤᠨ | ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 〔4〕 ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠯᠠᠨᠠ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠠ ︵春蒐) ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ︵︽ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︾ ᠤᠨ 1000 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ | ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ︵春蒐) ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ — —1957 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 8 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠤᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ︶ | 〔5〕 ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ︽ ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︾ ᠲᠤ ︽ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ︾ | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ | ¤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ | ¤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | ¤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ | ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ | ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ¤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ | ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ¤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ¤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ | | ᠤᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 22 ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠦ | ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵︽ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ 33 ᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ︶ | 〔6〕ᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ ᠄ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠠ ︽ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠦ | ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︾ ᠤᠨ 1001 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ︵夏苗) — —᠂ | 1957 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ︶ | 〔7〕 ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠄ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠭᠳᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ︽ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠭᠡ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ︵凉淀 | ) ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ︽ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠭᠡ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 443 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ | —— ᠵᠦᠩᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1974 ᠤᠨ 10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ | | 〔8〕 ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠄ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 黑霜 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ︽ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠩ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠤ ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ 80 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠂ 2002 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ᠂ (硬 | 冻) | 〔9〕 ᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠄ ᠨᠠᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠠ ︽ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︾ ᠤᠨ 1001 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ︵秋狝) — —᠂1957 ᠤᠨ ᠤ | 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ︶ ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ︽ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠲᠤ ︽ᠴᠢᠦ ᠱᠠᠨ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ | 〔10〕 ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ︐ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠂ | ︵ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︽ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠭᠡ︾ 444 | ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠃ ᠵᠦᠩᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1974 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ︶ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ︵黑山或缅山) ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 〔11〕 ᠬᠤᠮᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠄ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠠ ︽ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ | ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︾ ᠤᠨ 1000 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ︵冬狩) — — | ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ︽ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯ ︵ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠤᠯᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ︶ ︽辞海》(上海辞书出版社) 1980 ᠤᠨ ᠤ8 | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ︽ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︾ ︵2002 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 8 | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠧᠢ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ︶ | ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠼᠡᠷ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠂ ᠰᠡᠪᠡᠭ᠂ ᠨᠤᠷᠪᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠪᠵᠠᠮᠰᠦ ᠃ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠴᠤᠪ ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮᠰᠦ ᠂ ᠭᠤᠮᠪᠤᠵᠠᠪ ᠃ ᠯᠦᠩ ᠲᠸᠦ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ | ᠢᠦᠢ ᠯᠢᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠢᠦᠢ ᠹᠧᠩ ︵ᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠦ ︶ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠦ ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢ | ᠹᠧᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ︵ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ︶᠃ | |